The mystical allure of Balinese culture is epitomized by many folklores, one of which is the legendary tale of Calon Arang. This age-old story has not only survived the sands of time but continues to enchant audiences through mesmerizing performances. In this article, we will delve into the enthralling world of Calon Arang, exploring both the contemporary performance and the mystical elements that make it a cultural phenomenon.
The Mystical Legend of Balinese Calon Arang and Its Spellbinding Performance
The Tale of Calon Arang
Calon Arang, a tale of rejection, vengeance, and supernatural powers, unfolds during the reign of East Javanese King Erlangga in the 11th century. The central character, Calon Arang, a woman from Girah village, ostracized to the forest, wreaks havoc on the kingdom after her daughter, Ratna Manggali, is sent back due to her mother's witch-like reputation. Using mystical powers, Calon Arang unleashes sickness and destruction, prompting King Erlangga to seek a solution.
Empu Bahula, a wise figure, suggests marrying Ratna Manggali to quell Calon Arang's fury. The ensuing grand celebration, lasting seven days and nights, seems to bring peace. However, hidden beneath the festivities lies a stolen magical book and a dramatic confrontation, ultimately ending with the defeat of Calon Arang. Peace is restored to the kingdom, marking the triumph of good over evil.
Contemporary 'Pementasan' of Calon Arang
In the modern era, the tale of Calon Arang is not just confined to oral traditions but is vividly brought to life through theatrical 'pementasan' (performances) that showcase the rich cultural heritage of Bali, drawing locals and tourists alike. The traditional Calon Arang performance, performed in Pura (temples), offers a stark contrast to the more popular renditions in art centers.
Watangan Matah – The Sacrificial Ritual
A distinctive feature of Calon Arang pementasan is the sacred ritual of Watangan Matah. Participants undergo a ritual that induces a state of suspended animation, transforming them into "watangan matah" or living corpses. These sacrificial figures are left in graveyards, believed to attract mystical beings known as leak. The howls of dogs or eerie sounds indicate the presence of leak, and if the watangan matah fails to be revived through rituals, participants may face a fatal outcome.
Sosok Leak – Mystical Characters
The Calon Arang performance prominently features three mystical characters: Rangda, Celuluk, and Barong. Rangda, the embodiment of evil, dons a red mask with flowing hair adorned with frangipani flowers. Celuluk, a loyal follower of Rangda, is depicted as a bald figure with protruding fangs. In contrast, Barong symbolizes goodness and engages in confrontations with Rangda. These mystical characters can also take on forms like trees, coffins, fireballs, and giant-headed humans, adding to the supernatural ambiance.
Metebekan/Ngunying – Trance and Possession
An integral part of the Calon Arang performance is metebekan, or ngunying, involving participants or spectators entering trances. Those affected may self-inflict wounds with a keris or stab the Rangda dancer with spears and daggers. This ritualistic trance adds an element of mysticism to the performance, blurring the lines between reality and the supernatural.
Forbidden Departure: The Aftermath
A chilling belief associated with Calon Arang performances is the prohibition of leaving before the event concludes. Participants risk encountering terrifying entities if they dare to depart prematurely. Swayed by the fear of unseen malevolent forces, the local audience remains until the last act, ensuring a sense of suspense and mystery.
Until this very day, the Legend of Balinese Calon Arang continues to cast its enchanting spell on audiences, blending ancient folklore with contemporary performances. The mystical rituals, vibrant characters, and age-old traditions associated with Calon Arang contribute to the rich cultural aspect of Bali, making it a must-see experience for those seeking a glimpse into the island's captivating mystique.